收集的国内Maven镜像地址和使用

softwaremaven
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虽然 Maven 提供了一个免费中央仓，让开发者可以方便地找到全球大部分需要的第三方库。但是国内开发者由于网络原因，直接从中央仓下载第三包速度较慢或不稳定，科学上网或使用国内镜像站可以很好解决该问题。下面就介绍下如何将开源镜像站配置为maven的默认第三方库下载源。

什么是maven

Maven是一个项目管理工具，它包含了一个项目对象模型 (Project Object Model)，一组标准集合，一个项目生命周期(Project Lifecycle)，一个依赖管理系统(Dependency Management System)，和用来运行定义在生命周期阶段(phase)中插件(plugin)目标(goal)的逻辑。当你使用Maven的时候，你用一个明确定义的项目对象模型来描述你的项目，然后Maven可以应用横切的逻辑，这些逻辑来自一组共享的（或者自定义的）插件。

Maven 有一个生命周期，当你运行 mvn install 的时候被调用。这条命令告诉 Maven 执行一系列的有序的步骤，直到到达你指定的生命周期。遍历生命周期旅途中的一个影响就是，Maven 运行了许多默认的插件目标，这些目标完成了像编译和创建一个 JAR 文件这样的工作。此外，Maven能够很方便的帮你管理项目报告，生成站点，管理JAR文件，等等。

maven常用命令

  • mvn archetype：create 创建Maven项目
  • mvn compile 编译源代码
  • mvn deploy 发布项目
  • mvn test-compile 编译测试源代码
  • mvn test 运行应用程序中的单元测试
  • mvn site 生成项目相关信息的网站
  • mvn clean 清除项目目录中的生成结果
  • mvn package 根据项目生成的jar
  • mvn install 在本地Repository中安装jar
  • mvn eclipse:eclipse 生成eclipse项目文件
  • mvnjetty:run 启动jetty服务
  • mvntomcat:run 启动tomcat服务
  • mvn clean package -Dmaven.test.skip=true:清除以前的包后重新打包，跳过测试类

maven可用仓库URL

地址二：

配置maven仓库

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<!-- 配置maven仓库地址 -->
<repositories>
	<repository>
        <id>oschina Releases</id>
        <name>oschina Releases</name>
        <url>http://maven.oschina.net/content/groups/public</url>
    </repository>
	<repository>
        <id>mvnrepository</id>
        <name>mvnrepository</name>
        <url>http://mvnrepository.com/</url>
    </repository>
    <repository>
        <id>apache-repo</id>
        <name>apache Repository</name>
        <url>https://repository.apache.org/content/groups/public/</url>
    </repository>
    <repository>
        <id>java-repo</id>
        <name>java Repository</name>
        <url>http://download.java.net/maven/2/</url>
    </repository>
    <repository>
        <id>springsource-repo</id>
        <name>SpringSource Repository</name>
        <url>http://repo.spring.io/release/</url>
    </repository>
    <repository>
        <id>springsource-repo-snapshot</id>
        <name>SpringSource Repository</name>
        <url>http://repo.spring.io/snapshot/</url>
    </repository>
    <repository>
        <id>jboss-repo-releases</id>
        <name>Jboss Repository</name>
        <url>https://repository.jboss.org/nexus/content/repositories/releases/</url>
    </repository>
    <repository>
        <id>central</id>
        <name>Maven Repository Switchboard</name>
        <layout>default</layout>
        <url>http://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2</url>
    </repository>
    <repository>
        <id>maven-repo1</id>
        <name>maven-repo1</name>
        <layout>default</layout>
        <url>http://repo1.maven.org/maven2/</url>
    </repository>
    <repository>
        <id>sourceforge-releases</id>
        <name>Sourceforge Releases</name>
        <url>https://oss.sonatype.org/content/repositories/sourceforge-releases</url>
    </repository>
</repositories>

使用方法：

  • 下面的代码，修改里面的仓库地址，保存为settings.xml，放到用户目录的.m2目录中(C:\Users\用户名.m2)
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    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

    <!-- Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more contributor 
        license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with this work for additional 
        information regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file to 
        you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use 
        this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of 
        the License at http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 Unless required 
        by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under the 
        License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS 
        OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the specific 
        language governing permissions and limitations under the License. -->

    <!-- | This is the configuration file for Maven. It can be specified at two 
        levels: | | 1. User Level. This settings.xml file provides configuration 
        for a single user, | and is normally provided in ${user.home}/.m2/settings.xml. 
        | | NOTE: This location can be overridden with the CLI option: | | -s /path/to/user/settings.xml 
        | | 2. Global Level. This settings.xml file provides configuration for all 
        Maven | users on a machine (assuming they're all using the same Maven | installation). 
        It's normally provided in | ${maven.home}/conf/settings.xml. | | NOTE: This 
        location can be overridden with the CLI option: | | -gs /path/to/global/settings.xml 
        | | The sections in this sample file are intended to give you a running start 
        at | getting the most out of your Maven installation. Where appropriate, 
        the default | values (values used when the setting is not specified) are 
        provided. | | -->
    <settings xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.0.0"
        xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
        xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/settings-1.0.0.xsd">
        <!-- localRepository | The path to the local repository maven will use to 
            store artifacts. | | Default: ${user.home}/.m2/repository 
        -->
            <localRepository>D:/MAVEN</localRepository>

        <!-- interactiveMode | This will determine whether maven prompts you when 
            it needs input. If set to false, | maven will use a sensible default value, 
            perhaps based on some other setting, for | the parameter in question. | | 
            Default: true <interactiveMode>true</interactiveMode> -->

        <!-- offline | Determines whether maven should attempt to connect to the 
            network when executing a build. | This will have an effect on artifact downloads, 
            artifact deployment, and others. | | Default: false <offline>false</offline> -->

        <!-- pluginGroups | This is a list of additional group identifiers that 
            will be searched when resolving plugins by their prefix, i.e. | when invoking 
            a command line like "mvn prefix:goal". Maven will automatically add the group 
            identifiers | "org.apache.maven.plugins" and "org.codehaus.mojo" if these 
            are not already contained in the list. | -->
        <pluginGroups>
            <!-- pluginGroup | Specifies a further group identifier to use for plugin 
                lookup. <pluginGroup>com.your.plugins</pluginGroup> -->
        </pluginGroups>

        <!-- proxies | This is a list of proxies which can be used on this machine 
            to connect to the network. | Unless otherwise specified (by system property 
            or command-line switch), the first proxy | specification in this list marked 
            as active will be used. | -->
         <proxies>
                <!--<proxy>
                <id>optional</id>
                <active>true</active>
                <protocol>http</protocol>
                <host>127.0.0.1</host>
                <port>8087</port>
            </proxy>
        -->
        </proxies> 

        <!-- servers | This is a list of authentication profiles, keyed by the server-id 
            used within the system. | Authentication profiles can be used whenever maven 
            must make a connection to a remote server. | -->
        <servers>
            <!-- server | Specifies the authentication information to use when connecting 
                to a particular server, identified by | a unique name within the system (referred 
                to by the 'id' attribute below). | | NOTE: You should either specify username/password 
                OR privateKey/passphrase, since these pairings are | used together. | <server> 
                <id>deploymentRepo</id> <username>repouser</username> <password>repopwd</password> 
                </server> -->

            <!-- Another sample, using keys to authenticate. <server> <id>siteServer</id> 
                <privateKey>/path/to/private/key</privateKey> <passphrase>optional; leave 
                empty if not used.</passphrase> </server> -->
        </servers>

        <!-- mirrors | This is a list of mirrors to be used in downloading artifacts 
            from remote repositories. | | It works like this: a POM may declare a repository 
            to use in resolving certain artifacts. | However, this repository may have 
            problems with heavy traffic at times, so people have mirrored | it to several 
            places. | | That repository definition will have a unique id, so we can create 
            a mirror reference for that | repository, to be used as an alternate download 
            site. The mirror site will be the preferred | server for that repository. 
            | -->
        <mirrors>
            <!-- mirror | Specifies a repository mirror site to use instead of a given 
                repository. The repository that | this mirror serves has an ID that matches 
                the mirrorOf element of this mirror. IDs are used | for inheritance and direct 
                lookup purposes, and must be unique across the set of mirrors. | -->
            <mirror>
                <id>nexus-osc</id>
                <mirrorOf>*</mirrorOf>
                <name>Nexus osc</name>
                <url>http://mvnrepo.tae.taobao.com/content/groups/public/</url>
            </mirror>

        </mirrors>

        <!-- profiles | This is a list of profiles which can be activated in a variety 
            of ways, and which can modify | the build process. Profiles provided in the 
            settings.xml are intended to provide local machine- | specific paths and 
            repository locations which allow the build to work in the local environment. 
            | | For example, if you have an integration testing plugin - like cactus 
            - that needs to know where | your Tomcat instance is installed, you can provide 
            a variable here such that the variable is | dereferenced during the build 
            process to configure the cactus plugin. | | As noted above, profiles can 
            be activated in a variety of ways. One way - the activeProfiles | section 
            of this document (settings.xml) - will be discussed later. Another way essentially 
            | relies on the detection of a system property, either matching a particular 
            value for the property, | or merely testing its existence. Profiles can also 
            be activated by JDK version prefix, where a | value of '1.4' might activate 
            a profile when the build is executed on a JDK version of '1.4.2_07'. | Finally, 
            the list of active profiles can be specified directly from the command line. 
            | | NOTE: For profiles defined in the settings.xml, you are restricted to 
            specifying only artifact | repositories, plugin repositories, and free-form 
            properties to be used as configuration | variables for plugins in the POM. 
            | | -->
        <profiles>
            <!-- profile | Specifies a set of introductions to the build process, to 
                be activated using one or more of the | mechanisms described above. For inheritance 
                purposes, and to activate profiles via <activatedProfiles/> | or the command 
                line, profiles have to have an ID that is unique. | | An encouraged best 
                practice for profile identification is to use a consistent naming convention 
                | for profiles, such as 'env-dev', 'env-test', 'env-production', 'user-jdcasey', 
                'user-brett', etc. | This will make it more intuitive to understand what 
                the set of introduced profiles is attempting | to accomplish, particularly 
                when you only have a list of profile id's for debug. | | This profile example 
                uses the JDK version to trigger activation, and provides a JDK-specific repo. -->
            <profile>
                <repositories>
                    <repository>
                        <id>nexus</id>
                        <name>local private nexus</name>
                        <url>http://mvnrepo.tae.taobao.com/content/groups/public/</url>
                        <releases>
                            <enabled>true</enabled>
                        </releases>
                        <snapshots>
                            <enabled>false</enabled>
                        </snapshots>
                    </repository>
                </repositories>
                <pluginRepositories>
                    <pluginRepository>
                        <id>nexus</id>
                        <name>local private nexus</name>
                        <url>http://mvnrepo.tae.taobao.com/content/groups/public/</url>
                        <releases>
                            <enabled>true</enabled>
                        </releases>
                        <snapshots>
                            <enabled>false</enabled>
                        </snapshots>
                    </pluginRepository>
                </pluginRepositories>
            </profile>


            <!-- | Here is another profile, activated by the system property 'target-env' 
                with a value of 'dev', | which provides a specific path to the Tomcat instance. 
                To use this, your plugin configuration | might hypothetically look like: 
                | | ... | <plugin> | <groupId>org.myco.myplugins</groupId> | <artifactId>myplugin</artifactId> 
                | | <configuration> | <tomcatLocation>${tomcatPath}</tomcatLocation> | </configuration> 
                | </plugin> | ... | | NOTE: If you just wanted to inject this configuration 
                whenever someone set 'target-env' to | anything, you could just leave off 
                the <value/> inside the activation-property. | <profile> <id>env-dev</id> 
                <activation> <property> <name>target-env</name> <value>dev</value> </property> 
                </activation> <properties> <tomcatPath>/path/to/tomcat/instance</tomcatPath> 
                </properties> </profile> -->
        </profiles>

        <!-- activeProfiles | List of profiles that are active for all builds. | 
            <activeProfiles> <activeProfile>alwaysActiveProfile</activeProfile> <activeProfile>anotherAlwaysActiveProfile</activeProfile> 
            </activeProfiles> -->
    </settings>

华为镜像

官网：https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/

  • 设置方法，打开maven的设置文件settings.xml，在servers节点中添加如下用户信息：
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<server>
    <id>huaweicloud</id>
    <username>anonymous</username>
    <password>devcloud</password>
</server>
  • 在mirrors节点中添加如下镜像仓地址：
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<mirror>
    <id>huaweicloud</id>
    <mirrorOf>*</mirrorOf>
    <url>https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/repository/maven/</url>
</mirror>
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本文标题:收集的国内Maven镜像地址和使用

文章作者:

发布时间:2016-10-20, 11:36:58

最后更新:2020-06-24, 19:18:16

原始链接:http://www.skyheng.com/post/2238.html

许可协议: "署名-非商用-相同方式共享 4.0" 转载请保留原文链接及作者。

文章目录
  1. 1. 什么是maven
  2. 2. maven常用命令
  3. 3. maven可用仓库URL
    1. 3.1. 地址二：
  4. 4. 配置maven仓库
  5. 5. 使用方法：
  6. 6. 华为镜像